Describe and Evaluate Any Two Theories in Developmental...

Describe and evaluate any two theories in developmental psychology. By Aimee Kaur This paper will focus on two theories in moral development within developmental Psychology. There are three components to our morality; these are emotional, cognitive and behavioural. Shaffer (1993) described morals as a â€Å"set of principles or ideals that help the individual to distinguish right from wrong and to act on this decision† In his book The Moral Judgement of the Child (1932), Piaget states that all morality consists in a system of rules. Piaget believed that children develop morality through a series of stages and conducted an experiment using marbles with children. He found younger children just accepted the rules of the game and didn’t†¦show more content†¦Kohlberg theory was sequential. He believed you could not move from one stage to another without passing through each stage in order. He used the Heinz dilemma (The moral dilemma of whether a man should steal medicine for his dying wife) to show how his theory worked. One of the disadvantages of Kohlbergs theory is that it insinuates that people can place their own moral principles and beliefs above the laws of the society. Also Kohlberg’s theory did not take into account cross culture differences. Criticism comes mainly from Gilligan (1982) who believed that the theory was male bias (androcentric) and that the participants were being judged on male reasoning and behavior. Also women approach moral dilemmas from an ‘ethics of care’ approach rather than an ‘ethics of judgment’ which males tend to. Another criticism is that people respond to real life dilemmas differently than they would to a hypothetical situation, they would tend to go for a more pleasing result or approach than in real life. Psychologist Albert Bandura (1961) conducted an experiment studying children’s behaviour through Social Learning Theory, observational learning or modelling; He did this using a ‘BoBo doll’. The children were taken into a room with either an adult male or adult female role model and shown the bobo doll. The role model would then show aggression to the doll by punching it or knocking it down. Then the children were allowed to play with the doll. Bandura foundShow MoreRelatedPsychology : The Nurture Theory And The Nature Theory1498 Words   |  6 PagesIn developmental psychology, attachment describes an affectional bond between an infant and its caregiver. An infant who is attached to its caregiver will want to maintain proximity to him/her, will experience distress upon separation and will use the caregiver as a secure base. This paper will discuss two theories in developmental psychology: The nurture theory and the nature theory. 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